&&000 USA SCHOOLBOOKS US905X.TXT SILVER BURDETT; HOUGHTON Mifflin; and Macmillan McGraw Hill ADDED SCOTT FORESMAN 2 JULY 2004 ADDED HARCOURT BRACE 10 July 2004 1990s 5th grade scanned, ocr'd and edited by dph 25 June 2004 &&111 =Jem and his dad did not put up their tent that night. The moon was riding high when they passed the last knuckle of the long-fingered cove. The night air was warm and they decided to sleep out instead of covering up the stars. =Jem crawled into his sleeping bag feeling a little bit hungry. He realized suddenly that he had never gone to bed feeling a little bit hungry in his life. Tomorrow he would get up early and try to catch a bigger mackerel for breakfast. He didn't need food now, really. Besides, munching hardtack would be too noisy and he wanted to think about things-like his driftwood whale. Why had the sea made a perfect whale? How had it happened? What joining of water, wind, and current had modeled the wood into the unmistakable folds of a whale's eye? What accidental collision of natural forces had shaped the whale's body? Had it taken eleven years? An old person's lifetime? A century? Or a thousand years for wind and water to make the wooden whale? =Jem fell asleep thinking of driftwood whales and paddling the stars. Mist rose from the still water of the cove. It was the in-between time, just at the tail end of the last gray of a fading night, but before the first pink of dawn. His father still slept, while =Jem stood on a rock with his fishing line. There was a reasonable-sized mackerel in the pail, but =Jem was hungry enough that it seemed like a good idea to try for another one. There was a tug on the line. He reeled it in. A plump mackerel thrashed on the end, gilded by the sun that was just slipping up in the east. =Ben was up now, bending over the fire, poking in some kindling to bring it back to life. Jem cleaned the fish on the rock and brought them over to the fire. Coiling this about him, he made his way to the tip of the cliff right above the eagle's nest on the ledge. Fastening one end of this rawhide rope to a jack pine, he let the other fall over the ledge. Looking down he saw that it hung within a few feet of the nest. His plan was to slide down the rope and tie the eaglets to the end. Then after he had pulled himself up again, he could draw them up after him. Great honor would come to him. A pair of captive eagles would supply feathers for many warriors. =Tonweya carefully lowered himself over the edge of the cliff and soon stood on the ledge. There were two beautiful young eaglets in the nest, full feathered, though not yet able to fly. He tied them to his rope and prepared to climb up. But just as he placed his weight on the rope, to his great surprise, it fell down beside him. The green hide had been slipping at the knot where he had tied it to the tree; when he pulled on it to go up again, the knot came loose and down came the rope. =Tonweya realized immediately that he was trapped. Only =Wakan-tanka the Great Mystery, could save him from a slow death by starvation and thirst. He looked below him. There was a sheer drop of many hundreds of feet with not even the slightest projection by which he might climb down. When he tried to climb up, he could find neither handhold nor foothold. =Wanbli,3 the eagle, had chosen well the place for a nest. Despite his brave heart terror gripped =Tonweya. He stood looking off in the direction he knew his people to be. He cried out, "=Mahiyopo! =Ma hiyopo! Help me!" but only the echo of his own voice answered. As the sun was setting, the mother eagle returned to her nest. She screamed in rage when she saw a man with her eaglets. Round and round she flew. Now and then she would charge with lightning speed toward =Tonweya and the young Unfortunately, the commissioners did not share this admiration. "Good land is being wasted to make wide avenues," they complained. "There are too many public parks." "Make no little plans when building the capital," =L'Enfant said in answer. "The city must be magnificent enough to grace a great nation." The commissioners demanded maps of the plans so that lots could be sold. =L'Enfant refused, knowing that land speculators would buy up choice spots. The friction came to a crisis when the nephew of one of the commissioners began building a manor house on a spot that would block a major avenue. "The streets and avenues must be laid out before houses go up helter-skelter," =L'Enfant insisted. The powerful landowner refused to move the structure. So =L'Enfant sent a crew of workmen to dismantle the half-finished house and move the materials out of the way. This was too much for the city commissioners. They complained to President =Washington. At that time the President and =Jefferson were busy with problems of running the country. The two sided with the commissioners. Reluctantly, the President notified =L'Enfant that his services were at an end. Deeply hurt and heartbroken, =L'Enfant left, taking most of his completed plans with him. With his departure, =Washington and =Jefferson were left with a ten-mile square of muddy land and no plans for changing it into a city. If the project took too long, =Congress might well withdraw support and not vote the funds they needed. The two leaders turned to =AndrewEllicott for help. Could he finish the surveying and map the city as well? Major =Ellicott agreed and turned to his faithful assistant. "Will you help me?" he asked =BenjaminBanneker. See if you can make up your own headings for this part of the article "Designing =Washington, =DC." By the end of February the surveying was well under way. In March the engineer-architect began his work of designing the city. President =Washington appointed Major =PierreCharles=L'Enfant for this task. =L'Enfant had come to =America from his native =France as a volunteer to fight with the =American colonies during the =WarforIndependence. He adopted the =United States as his home and began a career of designing buildings and medals. It was =L'Enfant who designed the =OrderofthePurpleHeart, the medal awarded to =American soldiers wounded in combat. In addition to =L'Enfant, the President also appointed three men to serve as commissioners to supervise the city planning. The day came when =Ellicott began meeting with these commissioners. He persuaded =Banneker to go along. When they entered the room for that first meeting, the faces of the commissioners registered their surprise. A medallion depicts engineer change their doubts to praise. =PierreCharlesL'Enfant. After the first meeting, the men accepted him as a regular. "Just a moment. I think I have an idea," interrupted =Gronam. "What is your idea?" =ZeinvelNinny inquired. "Since we decided to send =Shlemiel to the poorhouse, the town will have to hire someone to take care of Mrs =Shlemiel's children so she can go to market. Why not hire =Shlemiel for that? It's true, he is not Mrs =Shlemiel's husband or the children's father. But he is so much like the real =Shlemiel that the children will feel at home with him." "What a wonderful idea!" cried =FeivelThickwit. "Only King =Solomon could have thought of such a wise solution," agreed =TreitelFool. "Such a clever way out of this dilemma could only have been thought of in our =Chelm," chimed in =ShmendrickNumskull. "How much do you want to be paid to take care of Mrs =Shlemiel's children?" asked =Gronam. For a moment =Shlemiel stood there completely bewildered. Then he said, "Three =groschen a day." "What?" screamed Mrs =Shlemiel. "What are three =groschen nowadays? You shouldn't do it for less than six a day." She ran over to =Shlemiel and pinched him on the arm. =Shlemiel winced and cried out, "She pinches just like my wife." The elders held a consultation among themselves. The town budget was very limited. Finally =Gronam announced: "Three groschen may be too little, but six groschen a day is definitely too much, especially for a stranger. We will compromise and pay you five groschen a day. =Shlemiel, do you accept?" "Yes, but how long am I to keep this job?" "Until the real =Shlemiel comes home." "This is what you must do. On the way you will find a grove sacred to Athene. There, there are poplar trees and a clear-running spring. Stay there until you think that I and my maidens have had time to reach home. Then go into the city and ask for the house of =Alcinous. You will have no trouble in finding it. When you reach it, go straight in to where my mother spins her sea-blue yarn at the fireside; my father sits there beside her. Greet my mother courteously, for, if you win her favour, you will the sooner reach your home." =Nausicaa climbed into the wagon, touched the mules with her whip, and they began to move through the fields towards the city. At sundown they came to the grove of =Athene. Here =Odysseus bade the Princess farewell; and when the wagon was out of sight, he prayed to the goddess =Athene and begged her to help him win favor in the eyes of the =SeaKings, so that they might help him to get home. =Athene heard the prayer of =Odysseus. =Nausicaa reached home, and her brother unyoked the mules and carried in the clean linen. The Princess was greeted by her old nurse. Meanwhile =Odysseus began his journey to the city on foot. In order to protect him from prying eyes, =Athene covered him with a mist. Soon he saw the houses and the towers of the =SeaKings. Reaching a little square, he was greeted by =Athene in the guise of a maiden carrying a pitcher to fetch water. He asked her where he could find the palace of =Alcinous. She said she would show him the way and added: "Don't talk to anyone, because my people, the proud =SeaKings, are very suspicious towards strangers." When they got to the palace, =Athene told =Odysseus to walk boldly in and go straight up to the Queen, whose name was =Arete. "She is held in high honor by her husband and her children," =Athene said, "and by all other men. She is wise, and if you can gain her goodwill she will help you as no one else can." I went to the library and got out all the travel books I could find. None of the guidebooks had the really important information that someone my age needs. After about three days of reading, I could see that there is a crying need for a topnotch travel book about the =UnitedStates. I am going to keep this journal, and when the trip is over I'm going to edit it and publish it. I arrived in =SanFrancisco this morning. =Midge and her mother met me at the airport. I didn't think they would recognize me, because I've grown a lot and look much older and more experienced. They did though. This afternoon was pretty dull. Mr =Glass attended meetings with all the other chemists. There was no sign that the rain would stop, so there wasn't much to do. =Midge and I went down to the hotel lobby and wandered around. Then we each bought a book and sat down in the lobby to read. After half an hour or so, the rain turned to a damp drizzle. "It doesn't look too awful," I said. "Maybe we could walk over to =Chinatown." "I think we'd better ask =Mom and =Dad first," =Midge said. =Roberto felt that he was ready. He had learned well what he had to know. Now that his training was completed, he took his =Comanche horse and headed for the prairie. At dusk he looked for a place to spend the night. The spring air was chilly when he finally hobbled his horse and lay in a bed of oak leaves at the edge of some low scrubby hills. He burrowed under the leaves to keep warm, thinking of the day he would capture =DiabloBlanco. In the morning he selected a temporary campsite on a small mesa (ma' sa). He knew that, until he had caught a mustang and gentled it for trading, he must work from this camp. The next day he found a mustang herd shortly after sunup. He prepared a coil of rope and slipped down alongside his horse. He circled the mustangs casually for half an hour and then gradually went closer. Already he had singled out a young stallion. With a gentle tug on his horse's mane, he cut the stallion off from the herd. idea that people would rush in here like this, and March hardly begun." This was the first week in March. The door was open, and the air felt like spring. "When March comes in like a lamb, it goes out like a lion,'' said =Ma. "Come, girls, there's work to be done. Let's get this house in order before more travelers come." " I wish nobody'd come till =Pa gets back," =Laura said while she and =Carrie washed the stacks of dishes. "Maybe nobody will," =Carrie hoped. "Mr =Boast is going to look after things while your =Pa's gone," =Ma said. "He asked Mr and Mrs =Boast to stay here. They'll sleep in the bedroom, and =Grace and I'll go upstairs with you girls." Mrs =Boast came to help. That day they cleaned the whole house and moved the beds. They were all very tired, when in the last of the sunset they saw a wagon coming from the East. There were five men in it. Mr =Boast helped them put their horses in the stable. But what is only an adventure in , a summer lake may be no joke in an ice-covered pond. =Warren shrieked his alarm, but there was no time to fetch =Father from the mill. =Tom saw that only instant action on his part could save =Caddie. With cool presence of mind, he made Warren lie down on the ice, and, catching hold of =Warren's feet, he pushed him out over the thin ice until he could reach =Caddie's groping hands. "Hold tight, =Warren," he shouted. "I'll pull you both in!" And he did. Nobody made much fuss over it. Pioneer children were always having mishaps, but they were expected to know how to use their heads in emergencies. But it changed a large part of the winter for =Caddie. =Father dried her off as best he could in the engine room of the mill, wrapped her in buffalo robes, and drove her home. =Mother put her into a steaming washtub before the kitchen fire, and then to bed with hot stones wrapped in flannel, and hot tea made of the dried leaves of wild strawberry plants. But =Caddie had caught a bad cold, which kept her in bed for a week and home from school for several weeks. Her mother sat on the foot of =Caddie's bed the night of the accident, with a cup in one hand and a spoon in the other, and shook her head in despair. Exasperation and fond concern struggled on her face. "=Caddie, why can't you behave like a young lady? Only a few weeks ago you were fighting with that awful =ObediahJones. And now you've nearly killed yourself skating on thin ice. If it isn't one thing, it's another!" The wind howled around =Miranda's ears. She clutched the icy railing. One slip and she would fall to the rocks below. She watched the raging waves for a sign of her father, but there was no boat in sight. Should I go inside? she wondered. She inched her way along the slippery catwalk, but when she reached the door, she hesitated. If =Father were here, he would scrape every bit of ice off the lighthouse windows, no matter how hard the wind blew. =Miranda could almost hear his voice: "What if there's a ship out there? What if the sailors can't see the light? There might be a shipwreck." And now =Father needs the light, =Miranda thought, to guide him hafely home. She held onto the railing with one hand and braced her body against the fury of the storm. Then she began to scrape off the ice. Her fingers grew numb and her arms ached, but she didn't stop. When she finally circled back to the lighthouse door, she barely had the strength to open it. =Miranda stumbled inside the lamp room, and the wind slammed the door shut behind her. She pulled off her mittens and rubbed her icy fingers. Then she lit one of the big lamps. She warmed her hands by it I and breathed in the pungent smell of whale oil. How long had =Father been away? Two weeks? It seemed like years. =Miranda couldn't remember a stormier winter. For months, rough weather had kept the supply boat from making its regular stops at the lighthouse island. So =Father had to brave the storm in their own boat. "We're running out of food," he said before he left "Keep the lamps burning tonight, and I'll be back tomorrow." Did he reach shore safely, =Miranda wondered, before the storm grew worse? As soon as her fingers stopped aching, she worked her way around the circle of fourteen lamps, lighting them, one by one. They A good breeze was blowg in across the ocean. The waves were two to three feet. Perfect, =Joel thought. We're going to combine a flying with this swim. Pelicans, like airplanes, take off against the wind. The wind helps lift them. "Here we go," JoeJ said. He held =Rusty up above the water. Then he tossed him in the air as wave came close. =Joel ducked under the wave so he ouldn't get caught in it. As he came up, he saw -Rusty gliding down. Wings flapping, =Rusty soared above each oncoming ave. Sometimes =Joel got thrown by a wave. There wasn't always time to dive under. =Joel and =Rusty swam and topped the waves for quite a while. Then they dried out, fisted, and went back in again. Pretty soon =Rusty was going for short test flights.Joel would pitch the pelican and unwind the rope giving him room enough to fly. Following along, =Joel would run own the beach. He would pull =Rusty in when he seemed tire. Flying, swimming, surfing, or just waddling across the wind, =Rusty became a familiar sight to the people who lived on the beach. But visitors could hardly believe their eyes. 'What is it?" they'd ask. There was always someone near who would tell them about =Rusty and the veterinarian who had saved him. =Joel always made sure to tell people that =Rusty was not a pet. He was a wild creature who would soon be set free. But Linda was moaning and pacing around. She didn't = rock. Understand why her cub was gone. instance wished she could exam to the lonely mother bear at this was the only way her cub could survive at the zoo. Zoo officials were excited about the birth of =Andy and the miraculous rescue by =Constance. They knew this rare baby polar bear would need attention twenty-four hours a day. =Constance was placed in charge of the new cub since she could not live at the small clinic, =Constance took Andy home with her. While =Constance =red for =Andy at her apartment other zookeeper would do her chores until she returned. For the next few months, =Constance would have to become a mother polar bear comforting, warming, and feeding the baby bear night and day. =Constance new that the biggest problem would be mixing a formula identical to real polar bear milk. =Linda the milk of the mother polar bear is very different from any milk =Constance could buy. It is much thicker and creamier. =Constance watched =Andy closely and kept a diary of the change in the little bear as he grew. &&000 &&000 USA SCHOOLBOOKS [US905SF.TXT] PUBLISHER: SCOTT FORESMAN 1993 5TH GRADE XEROXED AT Elmira college, scanned, OCR'd and edited by dph 1july 2004 &&111 I knew a sign. I noticed that =Jenny was watching us with her mouth open. "What are you doing?" she finally asked =Haley and me. "=Matt's deaf," I explained. "He can't hear us, but we can tell him things with our hands. Then he can see what we're saying." =Jenny approached =Matt and yelled right into his ear at the top of her lungs, "CAN'T YOU HEAR ME?" =Matt just blinked and backed up a few paces. =Haley signed to him to say hi to Jenny. Matt obediently waved. "He just said hi to you," I told =Jenny. "You mean he can't talk, either?" asked =Jenny, aghast. "He can make sounds," =Haley told her defensively. And just then, Matt caught sight of a bug wriggling along the sidewalk. He laughed. His laugh was a cross between fingernails on a blackboard and a goose honking. I had to admit, it was one weird sound. =Jenny cringed against =MaryAnne. "Let's go," she whispered, loudly enough for =Haley and me to hear her. "He's weird. I don't want to play with him." "Well, you're not the first one to say so!" =Haley shouted. "We better leave," =MaryAnne said quickly. "I'm sorry, =Jessi. I'll call you tonight so we can talk, okay?" I nodded. As they left, =Haley shot a murderous glance at her brother, who was now on his hands and knees, watching the bug. "You know what?" she said to me, and her great grin was gone. "Having a brother like =Matt really stinks." Then she stood behind him, tears glistening in her eyes, A man wearing a heavy silver watch chain across his ample vest stepped forward and raised his arm. The townsfolk quieted to a whisper. "As mayor," he said, "I welcome you folks to =CactusCity. Where's the show going to be "In this very spot," =Pa said. "With your permission, Mayor." The mayor nodded. "Our young 'uns have been waiting all afternoon. We figured you got lost." "We drove into =LoneCity by mistake." "Don't stand there, jawin', Mayor!" someone shouted. "Let's get on with the show." =Pa pulled out his gold pocket watch. "My timepiece here says seven minutes to seven. We've been on the trail all day and we're a mite dusty. But our handbills promised you a magic show at seven o'clock sharp-and by gosh and by golly we'll give it to you!" With only seven minutes to set up their props, the family, we had to work fast. Everyone had a job to do. =Mama flew to the wooden trunk for their show costumes. =Jane unpacked the colored silk scarves and flags her father would produce from "empty" vases and tin tubes. Paul set up the magician's table with the red velvet drape and the gold fringe. =Anne brushed the lint off her father's black tail coat. =Pa rolled up a side piece of the canvas cover and let down a wooden side section of the wagon itself. It folded out like a table top to rest on two stout legs, and formed the stage. Then he lit the four kerosene footlights to be set out when the show started. "But, =Sarn, every child thinks his pet is the best. And we don't ready care what the judges think, do we? As long as we know =KingofWorms is the best, that's the important thing, isn't it?" =Sam shook his head. "No," he said. "The really important thing is to win the prize." =Anastasia sighed. "Come on," she said. She stood up and took =Sam's hand, the hand that wasn't holding the worm box. "Let's get it over with." The library lawn was very noisy. Dogs were barking, babies were crying, children were shoutin, =Sam recognized some of his nursery school friends-and a lot of people were standing around a tree, looking up and calling to a cat, asking it please to comedown. The librarian recognized =Sam and =Anastasia. She gave =Sam a number on a square of cardboard. "There you are," she said. "Your pet is number =seventeen. And your place will be over there. Do you see the seventeen on that table? Better get in your place because the judging will start soon. Then we'll have refreshments, afterward." =Anastasia nudged =Sam over to the empty card table with the =17 taped to it. They placed the little box on the center of the table and removed the lid. =Sam poked gently in the fresh dirt until he found =KingofWorms. "Stick your head out," he whispered, "and look beautiful when the judges come around." "Hey, look, =Sam," =Anastasia said, "somebody did bring a goldfish. See over there?" They checked to make certain that Sam's worm box "How could he be? Nobody ever heard about him. I didn't." "Oh, there're lots of famous =Blacks you never hear or read about. You ever hear about =DeadwoodDick?" =Justin laughed. "No." "There's another one. His real name was =NatLove. He could outride. outshoot anyone. In =DeadwoodCity in the =DakotaTerritory, he roped, tied, saddled, mounted, and rode a wild horse faster than anyone. Then in the shooting match, he hit the bull's-eye every time. The people named him =DeadwoodDick right on the spot. Enough about cowboys, now. While the horses graze, let's clean up here and get back to our men's work." =Justin felt that =Grandpa was still teasing him, the way he had in =Justin's room when he had placed his hand on =Justin's shoulder. There was still the sense of shame whenever the outburst about women's work and the tears were remembered. As they cleaned the utensils and dishes. =Justin asked, "=Grandpa, you think housework is women's work?" "Do you?" =Grandpa asked quickly. "I asked you first. =Grandpa." "I guess asking you that before I answer is unfair. No, I don't. Do you?" "Well, it seems easier for them," =Justin said as he splashed water all over, glad he was outside. "Easier than for me?" "Well, not for you. I guess, but for me. yeah." "Could it be because you don't know how?" "You mean like making the bed and folding the clothes." He mouthed the words to "=LaBamba." and swayed from left to right. Why did he raise his hand and volunteer? Why couldn't he have just sat there like the rest of the kids and not said anything? While the karate kid was on stage. Mr =Roybal. more sweaty than before, took =Manuel's forty-five record and placed it on a new record player. "You ready?" Mr =Roybal asked. "Yeah. " Mr =Roybal walked back on stage and announced that =ManuelGomez. a fifth-grader in Mrs =Knight's class, was going to pantomime =RitchieValens's classic hit "=LaBamba." The cafeteria roared with applause. '=Manuel was nervous but loved the noisy crowd. He pictured his mother and father applauding loudly and his brothers and sister also clapping, though not as energetically. =Manuel walked on stage and the song started immediately. Glassy-eyed from the shock of being in front of so many people. =Manuel moved his lips and swayed in a made-up dance step. He couldn't see his parents. but he could see his brother =Mario. who was a year younger. thumb-wrestling with a friend. =Mario was wearing =Manuel's favorite shirt: he would deal with =Mario later. He saw some other kids get up and head for the drinking fountain. and a baby sitting of bread and butter, crumpets, coconut cakes and a large plum cake with pink icing. "Well, this is indeed a Pleasure," a huge voice greeted them, and J=ane and =Michael looked round for its owner. He was nowhere to be seen. The room appeared to be quite empty. Then they heard =MaryPoppins saying crossly: "Oh, Uncle =Albert, not again? It's not your birthday, is it? " And as she spoke she looked up at the ceiling. =Jane and =Michael looked up too and to their surprise saw a hund, fat, bald man who was hanging in the air without holding on to anything. Indeed, he appeared to be sitting on the air, for his legs were crossed and he had just put down the newspaper which he had been reading when they came in. "My dear," said Mr =Wigg, smiling down at the children, and looking apologetically at =Mary =Poppins, "I'm very sorry, but I'm afraid it is my birthday." "=Tch, =tch, =tch!" said =MaryPoppins. "I only remembered last night and there was no time then to send you a postcard asking you to come another day. Very distressing, isn't it?" he said, looking down at =Jane and =Michael. "I can see you're rather surprised," said Mr =Wigg. And, indeed, their mouths were so wide open with astonishment that Mr =Wigg, if he had been a little smaller, might almost have fallen into one of them. "I'd better explain, I think," Mr =Wigg went on calmly. "You see, it's this way. I'm a cheerful sort of man and very disposed to laughter. You As we decide about the illustrations for each story, we experiment with different techniques because that is how we get our thoughts down on paper. We use watercolor, pastel, acrylic paint, and colored pencils, whatever is best for what we want to do. Sometimes we use all of them on one illustration. That is called mixed media. It takes a lot of practice to get the confidence that the art will come out right. One of the first books we illustrated is =Whirlwind Is a =GhostDancing. We researched the art of many =Native =American groups and based our illustrations on their styles. Compare the illustrations on pages =A-68 to =A•-1 in your book. Look for repeated patterns. What differences do you see: Notice how the words of the poem are represented in the illustration. How does the art help you picture what the poem is saying Now look the varied brush 'tines and soft tones in the illustration above from The Tale of the =MandarinDucks. We spent three weeks of trial and error, experimenting with watercolor and many types of paper to get the effect of a =Japanese style of woodblock prints called =ukivoe In these "floating world" prints of two and three only stumps. So he gets up on a stump an' looks around an' he still can't see any standin' timber. He'd been so wrought up, he'd cleared all the way to the southern edge of the big woods without noticing. Now this annoys =Paul, because he's too far from camp to get back for lunch, and nothing upsets him like missing grub. And when he's upset, the only thing to soothe him is chopping trees, and' all the trees is down so that annoys him even worse. There he sits, feeling worse by the minute, with his stomach growling like a thunderstorm brewing in the distance. And then he notices something way off at the horizon, out in the middle of them dusty brown plains. All of a sudden there's something green. As he watches, that green starts to spread in a line right across the middle of all that brown. Now the only thing I ever heard tell of that was bigger than old =Paul hisself was old =Paul's curiosity It was even bigger than his appetite. So quick as he can get his boots on, he's off to see what was happening. What he sees makes him stop dead in his tracks. Because it's trees, apple trees growing where nothing but dirt ever grooved before. A whole line of apple trees stretching' in both directions as far as you can see. It makes him feel so good he just has to take up his ax ans start chopping. And the more he chops, the better he feels. And as he marches westward through all the =flvin' splinters and' leaves and applesauce, he sees that the trees is getting shorter until they're just saplings, then green shoots, then just bare earth. One night my grown son =Luke, Who is a biologist, held me spellbound as he recounted the mysteries of the rain forest. He was packing his bags to go to =Venezuela where his friends, all scientists, were studying the ain forest birds, mammals, plants, insects, amphibians, and fishes. Together they hoped to begin to penetrate the mystery of how each living thing in those tropical forests interacts with all the others to make a whole of many parts. "Want to go along?" he finally asked. That's all I needed to hear. A month later I awoke in a hammock on the porch of a research station in a tropical rain forest in =Venezuela. The dawn and I were greeted by the chime of rain, the call of birds, the howl of monkeysand the voice of a slender native boy. He was telling =Luke about the men on bulldozers who were coming to mow down and burn the trees of his forest home. When the boy departed, Luke came to me shaking his head. "Wouldn't it be wonderful," he said as he dreamed, "if we could save the forest for that splendid little boy." He then told me that there were many unknown and unnamed creatures in the rain forest. "And," he went on, "there are people who might buy and save a rain forest if we found a creature never before seen by humans and named it for one of them." I looked at him dubiously. "Well, I can dream, can't I?" He smiled. I thought about =Luke's dream for the remainder of my visit. As I learned about the forest and its creatures, I began writing a story in my head. I riotous cow towns like =Abilene and =DodgeCity. They wear huge white hats, skintight shirts, and shiny six-shooters slung low on each hip. That's not quite the way it -was in the real Wild West. A real cowboy was paid to herd cows. He spent most of his time rounding up longhorns, branding calves, and driving the herds to market. He was lucky if he made it into town twice in one year. Out on the range he wore practical work clothing, rode a horse owned by his employer, and seldom carried a gun. When he did, he wore it high and snug around his waist. He never carried two guns. "There is one thing I would like to get straight," recalled an old-time cowboy named =TeddyBlue =Abbott. "I punched cows from =1 on. Then he was ten years old, and I never vet saw a cowboy with two guns. I mean two six-shooters. =WildBill carried two guns and so did some of those other city marshals, like =BatMasterson, but they were professional gunmen themselves, not cowpunchers. A cowboy with two guns is all movie stuff, and so is this business of a gun on each hip."Most cowboys were not sharpshooters, yet their work demanded exceptional skills. A cowboy had to be an expert roper and rider, an artist at busting broncs and whacking bulls. He had to know how to doctor an ailing cow, or find a lost calf, how to calm a restless herd in the middle of the night, how to head off a thousand stampeding longhorns. handle a lot of dirt, but it needs continuous fastmoving water. This means that miners have to be near a river, or dig a ditch that will bring water to their diggings. Building a dam across a stream sounded sensible. Wall off the water; expose a gold-paved bottom. However, making a dam meant working in freezing waters while carrying heavy timbers and boulders that were needed for construction. And even these efforts didn't guarantee results.' Only a few dams were made in =1849; by =1850, rivers were cluttered with them. Pans, rockers, and dams weren't needed for a few diving bell enthusiasts. They brought along their gear, put on their metal helmets, and jumped into streams and rivers holding crowbars to pry gold loose. When they sank, their expectations usually did, too. Dry diggings in ravines and hillsides were usual workplaces. Groups often resorted to coyoting: burrowing long tunnels into hills and sinking shafts into the ground. Many people were crushed and killed by cave-ins. Eventually, "coyoters" reinforced tunnels with wood beams. Finding a fortune was as chancy as picking a winning lottery number. A disheartened, disappointed miner sent this message home: "Say to all my friends: stay at home. Tell my enemies to come."s &&000 &&000 USA SCHOOLBOOKS [US005SF.TXT] PUBLISHER: SCOTT FORESMAN 2004 5TH GRADE XEROXED AT Staples from series loaned to me by the SF saleman for this region Scanned, OCR'd and edited by dph 2 July 2004 &&111 look here, boy, if you're going to be part of this family, you'll pull your weight. That stove has to be fed and that's to be your) ob and you don't ever talk to your elders like that. I think your disrespect went too far. "Well, that was too much for me. I refused to talk to either one of them. I figured I had nothing to lose because I wasn't going to be there in the morning, that was for sure. I meant to run away that very night." Later that evening, =Ollie showed him around his new bedroom. "Go to bed now and we'll get a fresh start in the morning," she said, smiling. Lee looked around in awe. He'd never had a room of his own before. Often he had shared his bed. But he still was suspicious. "I decided it was just a trick to soften me up before they put me to work, and I was determined I wouldn't fall for it." He climbed onto the big feather bed and sank down into its softness. =Ollie came back and sat by him. She said she knew he was tired and she hoped he would sleep well. Then she tucked the covers around him and gave him a kiss on the cheek before she left the room. "I couldn't remember the last time anyone had kissed me," =Lee says. "It rekindled a memory in me, maybe of my mother. I started to cry and I buried my head in the pillow so they wouldn't hear me. I think I cried half the night." The next morning, he awoke to =Ben shaking him and telling him to get up for breakfast. His bedroom was flooded with sunshine. "I was so surprised that it was already morning," Lee says. "I had planned to sneak out after the house was quiet. But I felt better after a good night's sleep and figured I could run away the next night. I got dressed and went to the kitchen, following my nose to all these delicious smells." get along by doing things togetherfeeding, playing, resting, touching, and resolving conflicts. To study these behaviors, researchers must first identify individual dolphins by the unique forms of their dorsal fins and flukes and from the patterns of their spots. Dolphins don't all look alike! Then, following strict rules, the researchers enter the water, but they don't approach, touch, or feed these wild dolphins. They wait for the dolphins to come to them. Once a dolphin is identified, it is given a name, like =LittleGash, =Luna, and =Nassau. The =WildDolphinProject has now identified over one hundred dolphins. Photos, videos, and sound recordings are made by researchers, and the fun of understanding what's really going on begins. An =Atlantic spotted dolphin, =Stennellafrontalis, for example, spends the first six months of its life by the side of its first teacher, or "=Mom." Up to age three, a baby dolphin meets and plays with other infants in what researchers call a nursery group and begins to form lifelong associations and friendships. As the newborn meets other youngsters, it is introduced to the rules and games involved in being a social dolphin. These friendships are maintained in many ways. Some dolphins rub fins together, in the same way kids hold hands. Young dolphins learn about each other by watching, mimicking each other, chasing, and play-fighting. These ehind the jewelry counter, the salesman was waving his arms in a state of total distraction. The case that =Amanda had been looking into just a few minutes before was now smashed and almost empty. All the cuff links, the tie pins, and the beautiful ring were gone. "What happened?" =Amanda asked the salesman excitedly. "I don't know, I don't know. I must have been putting some ladies' jewelry away in the next counter there was so much confusion I just didn't see but I haven't been near the case. I know you're not supposed to touch anything. The police will probably want to check for fingerprints." =Sherlock, apparently, was already doing just that. He had his magnifying glass out and was peering intently into the shattered display case. Amanda thought that the salesman certainly looked upset, and his clothes were in even worse condition than hers and =Sherlock's. "Oh, dear, you do look terrible," she couldn't help blurting out. "There's a big white spot on your chin, and a kind of rusty spot on your tie." "My chin, I don't know, it must be some plaster that fell down when the sprinklers went off. And my tie, I guess I spilled ketchup on it at lunch yesterday. I must not have realized when I put it on this morning. And now this! It's so awful." Amanda was embarrassed to see that =Sherlock now seemed to be using his magnifying glass to study the spot on the salesman's tie. But the poor man was so upset that he didn't even notice. snouia see =Dupestnumo. "=Huh?" Mr =Medrano said, wiping his mouth and looking at his daughter. "Show your father." "Do I have to?" an embarrassed =Lupe asked. "Go on, show your father." Reluctantly, =Lupe raised her hand and flexed her thumb. You could see the muscle. The father put down his fork and asked, "What happened?" "=Dad, I've been working out. I've been squeezing an eraser." I'm going to enter the marbles championship." Her father looked at her mother and then back at his daughter. "When is it, honey?" "This Saturday. Can you come?" The father had been planning to play racquetball with a friend Saturday, but he said he would be there. He knew his daughter thought she was no good at sports and he wanted to encourage her. He even rigged some lights in the backyard so she could practice after dark. He squatted with one knee on the ground, entranced by the sight of his daughter easily beating her brother. Mr =Conner began sharpening a wicked-looking knife. Then he took up the knife and a big fork, and began to cut thin slices of meat from the bird. We =Yangs looked at one another in wonder. Instead of complaining about being made to do the slicing, Mr =Conner looked pleased and proud. After slicing a pile of turkey meat, Mr =Conner started to scoop from the stomach of the bird. I was horrified. Had Mrs =Conner forgotten to dress the turkey and left all the guts behind? Chicken is an expensive treat in =China. When =Mother wanted to boil or stir-fry a chicken, she had to buy the bird live to make sure it was fresh. Killing, plucking, and dressing the chicken was a gruesome job, and =Mother hated it. The worst part was pulling all the guts out of the stomach. Sometimes, when the bird was a hen, she would even find a cluster of eggs inside. Watching Mr =Conner scooping away, I was embarrassed for him. I exchanged glances with the rest of my family, and I could see that they were dismayed too. food with me. Now we will have to wait until I have crossed the river. But try to be quiet, my friend. A bear may hear you and think that you are another bear calling to him." Ohkwa'ri smiled as he remembered how his father, Two Ideas, had explained to him the way bears talk to each other. They had been walking in the woods for a long time and =Ohkwa'ri's stomach had also been reminding him that it was past the time to eat. "They growl like your stomach does, my son," he said to Ohkwa'ri. His father was not always available to do things with =Ohkwa'ri, for the younger sister of Two Ideas had several children, a son and two daughters. As a good uncle, Two Ideas had as much responsibility for helping with the upbringing of his sister's children as with the children of his wife. Thus, Two Ideas spent a good part of almost every day in the small =TurtleClan longhouse built just a spear's throw to the north of the great longhouse of the =BearClan. =Ohkwa'ri did not mind. It was the way things were supposed to be. After all, his father and he were of two different clans. And it was that way with every father and son among the =LonghousePeople. You always had to marry someone of a different clan. That happened, as was right and proper, when a man's mother agreed with the mother of that man's future wife that the two "=Zach? The door, please?" she called through the screen. "I emptied an old recipe box so we can start our Memory Box," she said, handing me a treasure chest a pirate would love. "Now I'll leave my men alone." My fingers traced the designs carved in the smooth, shiny wood. "I gave that to your grandmother on our wedding day," was all =Gramps said. Then we sat in the dark and watched the fireflies dart past the porch. Maybe =Gramps was already searching his mind for memories to put in the box. He never said. But for the rest of my vacation, we remembered, =Gramps and =Gram and me. We especially remembered when we were fishing. "Thoughts come faster when bobbers are jumping," =Gram said as she wrote our memories on paper scraps. "How about the time I climbed the water tower?" I asked =Gramps. "=Mom said no, but you turned your back so I could make it to the top." "You nearly fell off, as I recall." He scratched the whiskers that appeared on his face for the first summer ever. I wondered about those whiskers. Didn't =Gramps tell me once how much =Gram hated it when he didn't shave? "How about the time I laid my freshly picked blueberries on the porch to sun-dry?" =Gram remembered. "=Zach came in from his swim and squished a path right through those juicy berries." Anyway, the =HynrikStuyvesant Pigeons and all their descendants prospered greatly in the great =NewWorld. They became probably the most famous and respected pigeon family on the island of =Manhattan-so famous and respected, indeed, that now they refused to eat any bread crumbs except those that were thrown out on =Park Avenue. "But about a year ago," said Lulu, "I had a beakful of all that ritzy jazz, so I told my snooooty relatives bye-bye and just flapped out. I decided that I'd rather, like, fly with the times. That's why I moved down here to =Bryant Park. It's nearer where the action is. You get what I mean?" "I guess so," said Chester, although he didn't understand her completely. =Lulu had a strange =NewYork way of talking that was sort of hard to understand. But =Chester meant to try, because he was beginning to like this pigeon very much. Even if there might be some kookoo bird in her. "But don't you ever see any of your family now?" he asked. "Oh, shooor." =Lulu scratched the earth with one claw. "Every once in a while I fly up to =Central Park. There's an elm tree up there reserved solely for the =Stuyvesant Pigeon clan, if yooo please!" "Where's =Central Park?" asked the cricket. "You don't know where =Central Park is?" said Lulu. "Big beautiful =Central Park! the best place in the city-" "I guess I don't," =Chester apologized. He explained that Mario had taken him on several excursions, but not, as yet, to =Central Park. "Say!" exclaimed =Lulu. "How would you like a real tooor of =NoooYork? One that only a pigeon could give." Are you nuts?That's what =Lois would say. He also had to find some recipes. He knew just what Aunt =Wanda would say if he asked her how you fry meal worms in garlic butter. You don't, she'd say. Not in my skillets, you don't. After they bought the motor and Andy got some more threering notebook paper and a =MagicMarker, =Earl said, "You want to pick up a couple sandwiches somewhere?" That's when =Andy remembered the flyer from the =SoulFoodKitchen and Carry-Out. He fished it out of his back pocket. "Two meals for the price of one, =Dad," he said. Mr =Moller's eyes scanned the menu there on the advertisement. "Looks pretty good to me," he said, and they drove down =Main to =North Street and to the little yellow frame building on the corner. =SoulFoodKitchen and Carry-Out, said a sign above the door, showing a smiling chicken at one end of the sign and a thick piece of pie at the other. The first thing =Andy saw in the little room with its green tables and yellow linoleum was Sam, who was putting silverware on the tables. "Hi!" he called out when he saw =Andy. He showed them to a little table by the wall and stood off to one side grinning while Mrs =Hollins came over to take their orders. She was a thin woman in a white uniform and white shoes with thick soles, and had a smile that stretched across her face, just like =Sam's. "How you doing?" she asked, and looked down at =Andy. "You and =Sam know each other from school?" =Andy nodded. There was a sign above the grill that said, Ask about our daily special. "What about the daily special?" =Andy's father asked. &&000 &&000 USA SCHOOLBOOKS [US905HB.TXT] PUBLISHER: HARCOURT BRACE 1997 5TH GRADE XEROXED AT BROCKPORT, SCANNED, OCR'D AND EDITED BY DPH 10 July 2004 &&111 The pilot nodded. All of flying is easy. Just takes learning. Like every thing else. Like everything else. He took the controls back, then reached up and rubbed his left shoulder Aches stood where he was to live and why. Judges who did not know what had really happened. Judges with the caring look that meant nothing as lawyers said legal phrases that meant nothing. In the summer =Brian would live with his father. In the school year, with his mother. Thats what the judge said after looking at papers at his desk and listening to the lawyers talk. Words. Now the plane lurched slightly to the right and =Brian looked at the pilot. He. was rubbing his shoulder again and there was the sudden smell of body gas in the plane. =Brian turned back to avoid embarrassing the pilot who was obviously in some discomfort. Must have stomach troubles. So this summer, this first summer when he wac allowed to have "visitation rights" with his father, with the divorce only one month old, =Brian was heading north. His father was a mechanical engineer who had designed or invented a new drill bit for judge called "visitation rights." So formal. =Brian hated judges as he hated lawyers. Judges that leaned over the bench and asked =Brian if he under and pains must be getting old." =Brian let go of the controls and moved his feet away from the pedals as the pilot put his hands on the wheel. "Thank you.." But the pilot had put his headset back on and the gratitude was lost in the engine noise and things went back to =Brian looking out the window at the ocean of trees and lakes. The burring eyes did not come back, but memories did, came flooding in. The words. Always the words. Divorce. The Secret. Fights. Split. The big split. =Brian's father did not understand as =Brian did, knew only that =Brian's mother wanted to break the marriage apart. The split had come and then the divorce, all so fast and the court had left him with his mother except for the summers and what the Engineers first sank two piers, one close to the northern shore and the other about =1100 ft. out from the : San Francisco shore. Sharp controversy marked the placing of the southern pier, a Stanford seismologist claiming that it The World's Most Spectacular Bridge Site Chief Engineer =Strauss argued the critic and the two 746-ft. towers which you see at the left were reared. Designed for the beauty as well as strength, they : taper to the top in setback style. Between the towers were strung two cables each =36 =1/2 inches thick and together containing =80000 miles of steel wire. The picture above shows one of the nearly completed cables, with two workmen adding the last strands. The finished cables were wound with more wire, so tightly that the one in the picture at right appears to be sheathed in metal. Suspended from the cables is a six-lane roadway. Because the =GoldenGate is a great channel of commerce, the roadway had to be =220 ft. above high water level. Even so, the great =Canadian =Pacific liners which go to the =Orient have had to shorten their masts. For the safety of workmen on the bridge Chief Engineer =Strauss borrowed an idea from trapeze artists and strung a huge net under the bridge. On Feb =17, a platform broke loose and ripped through the net, carrying ten men to their deaths. But even with this tragic accident the death toll was less than on most bridges of comparable size. from tower to tower the central span of the bridge stretches =4200 =ft the longest span on earth. Spanning the mile-wide entrance to =SanFrancisco Bay, the =GoldenGate Bridge occupies probably the most spectacular bridge site in the world. You are looking from inside the harbor toward the open sea. In the foreground is the northern end of the city of =SanFrancisco, showing a landing field along the shore, a yacht basin, and a dilapidated colonnade (bottom, centre), left standing from the =Panama-Pacific =Exposition of =1915. On the further shore are the hills of =Marin County, behind which lie prosperous suburbs, orchards, truck farms, and sheep ranches. The northern approach to the bridge is a tunnel through the hills. Out of the picture to the east is one of the world's most beautiful harbors, spanned by the longer but less impressive =Transbay Bridge which opened last year. The =GoldenGate Bridge is so designed that if it should be destroyed by an enemy fleet it would sink to the bottom of the channel and not bottle up the harbor. share what they learned and what they found surmpare the two articles between the informative article and the =inforie article.Then invite articles with the story. For example, show the story and the =1er feel about flying. Ask would like to know =irshall or about flying =air1 what sources they could to their questions. "After we took off, we flew for a while and then passed a little island," hristopher says. "Then we flew about =275 miles farther out." Over the deep waters of the =Atlantic, terror struck the young pilot. "Suddenly, I noticed that the oil pressure was going down, and the oil temperature was going up." =Christopher and =Randy were horrified to see oil spraying out of the hood. They would have to make an emergency landing! "I whipped down at =235 miles per hour," =Christopher recalls. "We flew fifty feet off the ground, and the water was blue with icebergs sticking up all over the place." He remembers thinking, What if we have to go down? I don't know how I'm going to get into my dry suit, and how will I get the boat out? Copilot =Cunningham said that he'd never been so scared, not even in his combat missions over =Vietnam. =Cunningham took over and managed to land on the tiny island of =Kulusuk, about =275 miles off the southeast coast of =Greenland. Fifteen people were living there, and they took the pilots into their homes. "I was in =Paris waiting for them," =Christopher's mother says, "and no one knew where they were. I was thinking maybe they were down in the ocean." She was frantic. Reporters kept calling her for news of the plane, and she had none. On =Kulusuk, =Christopher discovered that the mechanic who checked out the plane in =Greenland had forgotten to replace the oil dipstick, a human error that could have cost two lives. The two pilots stayed overnight with their new friends, and the next day, with a new dipstick in place, =Christopher took off again. =Christopher hopped the plane from =Greenland to =Iceland to =Scotland and finally to =Paris where he was greeted by a cheering crowd. His mother was over joyed to see him. "When we pulled up, I had all these goose bumps," =Chris says Although =Greenland is part of =NorthAmerica, located only 10 miles from =Canada at one point it is a province of =Denmark. Most =Greenlanders have both =Danish and =Inuit heritage.They live along the southwestern coast because =85 percent of =Greenland is icecapped and uninhabitable. At birth, =Christopher had two clubfeet, which means that his feet were turned in at very sharp angles. He wore leg casts all the way to his hips for the first three years of his life. After many operations and great determination on =Christopher's part, he was finally able to walk. Shortly after that, he started to fly. No, he didn't suddenly grow wings. =Christopher's father, =Lee, is a commercial airline pilot, and when his son was very young, he began taking him up in a private plane. "His dad brought home a huge paper layout of a =727, which he spread out on the floor," says =Christopher's mother, Gail. "=Christopher loved to study the layout. At age four, he could tell you what every button and switch on the plane was for." By age seven, =Christopher was taking flying lessons. In the summer of =1987, the young pilot from =Oceano, =California, became a world-record setter. At age ten, he was the youngest person ever to fly coast to coast across the =United Statcs and back again/. Because a pilot has to be at least sixteen in order to solo, his instructor flew with him. But =Christopher, propped up by three pillows so he could see, handled the controls himself the entire time. He believes that the best part of the flight was flying through severe thunderstorms over =Mississippi. "I thought the storms were a lot of fun," he says. "The plane bounced so much, it was like a roller-coaster ride. I wanted to keep on going, but my instructor told me I should land the plane before we got hurt." In =1988, =Christopher set another record when, at age eleven, he became the youngest pilot to fly across the =Atlantic Ocean. "These are your brothers and asters," she told them. 'hey shade us from the hot desert sun. They guard us from the terrible desert sandstorms. They show us where to find water to drink," she explained. Then =Amrita taught her children to hug the trees as she did. Each day when she left the forest, Amrita fetched water from the village well. She carried the water in a large clay pot, balanced on top of her head. One mooning by the well, =Amrita spotted a troop of men armed with heavy axes. They were headed toward the forest "Cut down every tree you can find," she heard the chief axesnan say. When the engine stopped he would go down. So he left the plane running, holding altitude, and kept trying the radio. 1e worked out a system. Every ten minutes by the small clock built into the dashboard he tried the radio with a simple message: 1 need help. Is there anybody listening to me?" In the times between transmissions he tried to prepare himself for what he knew was coming. When he ran out of fuel the plane would start down. He guessed; that without the propellor pulling he t would have to push the . nose down to keep the plane flying, he" thought he may have read that somewhere, or it just came to him. Either way it made sense. He would have to push the nose down to keep flying speed and then, just before he hit, he would have to pull the nose back up to slow the plane as much as possible. It all made sense. Glide down, then slow the plane and hit. Hit. He would have to find a clearing as he went down. The problem with that was he hadn't seen one dearing since =MARY Graciously: Thank you. You've been a great help to us, Reverend =Watkins. =WATKINS: Please invite me again, and next time, I'll spend more time with you. Bowing to =MARY. And before I go, I think the class would like to ask you about your secret dream, Mrs =Bethune. =Tunis to class Isn't that right? Students nod their heads and clap their bands. =MARY Flustered: I didn't expect the tables to be turned this way. Yet I suppose it's only fair. =BOY: Mrs =Bethune, I'll bet you want to be a principal like Rev =Watkins. =MARY You're getting warm, but not quite. What I really want to do is establish a college one day. My son =Albert, Jr. is just an infant, but I want to see him in a good college when he's old enough. And I want to see every other youngster get the same opportunity. =WATKINS : I have no doubt that you will build your college, Mrs =Bethune. It's just a matter of time. My only regret is that you'll be leaving us someday. =MARY: My husband said there may be some opportunity for us in =Florida. A new railroad's being built on the east coast of the state, and we plan to visit there soon. =WATKINS: I wish you well, Mrs =Bethune. Some of my friends live in =Daytona Beach. I hope you'll find time to look them up. =MARY It will be my pleasure, Reverend =Watkins. Wherever my journey may lead me, I'm sure I'll spend the rest of my days in helping students like these to have happier and better lives. &&000